| History of the Ancient Hittites |
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I. Early historya. Little known about them until archaeological discoveries of early 20th century b. Migrated to Asia Minor (modern Turkey) from northern Europe circa 3000 B.C.E. II. First Hittite Empire a. 1900 B.C.E. b. Empire stretched from Aegean Sea to Euphrates River III. Second Hittite Empire a. 1500-1200 BCE b. Included Asia Minor, Palestine, and Syria c. Decline and fall i. Continuous warfare with Egypt ii. 1200 BCE – conquered by northern barbarians iii. Eventually absorbed by Assyria IV. Economy a. Link between Mesopotamia and western Asia b. Had monopoly on Armenian and European metals for hundreds of years c. Developed iron for tools and weapons d. Wealth from trade of gold, iron, lead, and silver e. Trade shown in numerous excavated clay tablets V. Government a. Ruled by a king b. Heavily fortified city walls c. Written laws show Babylonian influence VI. Art a. Crude b. Stone lions at city entrances c. Carvings of animals and warriors VII. Review questions a. Where was the Hittite empire located? b. What major contribution did the Hittites make to military warfare and world civilization? c. Describe the decline and fall of the Hittite empire. d. Describe Hittite art. |
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