March Calendar: Today in History

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Women's History Month

1	1803 - Ohio became a U.S. state. 1867 - Nebraska became a U.S. state. 1961 - The Peace Corps was established by U.S. President John F. Kennedy.

2	1836 - Texas became independent of Mexico. 1956 - Morocco became independent.

3	1845 - Florida became a U.S. state. 1918 - Treaty of Brest-Litovsk signed.

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1789 - The United States Constitution officially became the law of the land. 1791 - Vermont became a U.S. state. 1917 - The first woman, Jeannette Rankin, sat in the U.S. House of Representatives. 1933 - The first woman to serve in an American president's cabinet, Frances Perkins, was appointed Secretary of Labor by U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt.

5	1770 - The Boston Massacre takes place in Massachusetts.

6	1836 - The fall of the Alamo in Texas. 1857 - In its Dred Scott v. Sandford decision, the Supreme Court declares that slaves are not U.S. citizens, and therefore have no standing to sue in federal court. 1957 - The Gold Coast and Togoland are united as Ghana.

7	1876 - A patent is granted to Alexander Graham Bell for the telephone. 1965 - Civil rights marchers are attacked on the Edmund Pettus Bridge between Selma and Montgomery, Alabama.

8	1782 - Gnadenhutten, Ohio, massacre of Delaware Indians occurs. 1917 - The start of Russia's February Revolution. 1948 - Religious instruction in public schools is declared unconstitutional by the U.S. Supreme Court.

9	1796 - The marriage of Josephine de Beauharnais and Napoleon Bonaparte takes place.

10	1629 - Parliament is dissolved by England'sCharles I. 1848 - The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo is ratified by the U.S. Congress (Mexican-American War).

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1941 - The Lend-Lease Bill is signed by U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt (World War II). 1990 - Lithuania becomes independent following the break-up of the Soviet Union. 2011 - The Tohoku earthquake and tsunami (東北地方太平洋沖地震, a 9.0-magnitude megathrust earthquake) strike off the coast of Japan at 14:46 JST (05:46 UTC).

12	1912 - The Girl Scouts of America is founded by Juliette Gordon Low. 1938 - Adolf Hitler's Anschluss unites Austria and Germany. 1947 - The Truman Doctrine is established by U.S. President Harry Truman.

13	1639 - Cambridge College is renamed Harvard University.

14	1794 - Eli Whitney is granted a patent for the cotton gin, an important invention in the First Industrial Revolution.

15	44 B.C.E. - Ancient Rome's Julius Caesar assassinated in the senate house on this, the Ides of March. 1820 - Maine becomes a U.S. state. 1965 - Voting Rights speech before Congress by President Lyndon B. Johnson.

16	1521 - The Philippines is reached by Spanish explorer Ferdinand Magellan. 1850 - Publication is made of Nathaniel Hawthorne's The Scarlet Letter. 1968 - The My Lai Massacre takes place in Vietnam as part of the Vietnam War.

17	St. Patrick's Day 466 - Saint Patrick dies in Ireland. 1969 - Israel swears in Golda Meir as prime minister.

18	1766 - The Stamp Act is repealed by Great Britain.

19	1931 - Gambling is legalized in Nevada. 2003 - The United States begins a war against Iraq, aided by the United Kingdom and other countries.

20	First Day of Spring (North America) 1602 - The Dutch East India Company is established. 1852 - Harriet Beecher Stowe's abolitionist novel Uncle Tom's Cabin is published. 1990 - Namibia becomes independent.

21	1556 - Thomas Cranmer, the Archbishop of Canterbury, is burned at the stake for heresy.

22	1765 - The Stamp Act is enacted.

23	1775 - The famous "Give Me Liberty or Give Me Death" speech is given by Patrick Henry. 1919 - Benito Mussolini founds the Fascist party in Italy.

24	1603 - England's Elizabeth I, known as the "virgin queen," dies.

25	1634 - Maryland is founded as a colony in North America. 1911 - New York City's Triangle Shirtwaist factory fire draws attention to the lack of safety measures for factory workers in the United States. 1957 - The European Economic Community (EEC) is established.

26	1971 - East Pakistan becomes independent as Bangladesh.

27	1958 - Nikita Khrushchev becomes leader of the Soviet Union.

28	1797- Nathaniel Briggs is granted a patent for his washing machine. 1939 - The Spanish Civil War ends.

29	1867 - The Dominion of Canada is established through the North America Act. 1973 - The last U.S. troops withdraw from Vietnam.

30	1842 - Anesthesia is used during surgery for the first time. 1867 - The United States purchased Alaska, a deal known as Seward's folly. 1856 - The Crimean War officially ends with the Treaty of Paris.

31	1492 - Jews are expelled from Spain during the Reconquista of Ferdinand and Isabella. 1917 - The United States takes control of the Virgin Islands.

March has witnessed several significant historical events that have shaped the world. On March 15, 44 BC, Julius Caesar was assassinated on the Ides of March, an event that led to the end of the Roman Republic and the rise of the Roman Empire. Another pivotal moment is the March 7, 1965, Selma to Montgomery march, known as "Bloody Sunday," which was a crucial event in the American Civil Rights Movement and led to the passing of the Voting Rights Act of 1965. On March 12, 1930, Mahatma Gandhi began the Salt March, a nonviolent protest against British salt taxes in India, which became a significant campaign in the Indian independence movement. Additionally, on March 10, 1959, the Tibetan Uprising against Chinese rule began, leading to the Dalai Lama's exile. Furthermore, on March 23, 1775, Patrick Henry delivered his famous "Give me liberty, or give me death!" speech, which inspired American colonists to fight for independence from British rule. These events highlight March as a month of important historical milestones that have had profound impacts on global history and society.

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