Chart of Pivotal Events in the U.S. Civil War |
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Students complete this blank chart with information about pivotal events during the U.S. Civil War. Click here to print. Answers will vary. |
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The U.S. Civil War (1861-1865) was a complex and multifaceted conflict with numerous pivotal events that shaped its course and outcome. Here are some of the most significant events of the Civil War.
Fort Sumter (April, 1861): The Confederate bombardment and capture of Fort Sumter in Charleston Harbor marked the beginning of the Civil War. First Battle of Bull Run (July, 1861): The first major land battle of the war ended in Confederate victory and demonstrated that the conflict would not be a short one. Emancipation Proclamation (January, 1863): President Abraham Lincoln's proclamation declared that all enslaved people in Confederate-held territory were to be set free. It shifted the war's focus to a fight for freedom and gave the Union a moral cause. Battle of Gettysburg (July, 1863): Often considered the turning point of the war, Union forces defeated General Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia in a pivotal battle in Pennsylvania. Vicksburg Campaign (May-July, 1863): The Union's capture of Vicksburg, Mississippi, and the opening of the Mississippi River split the Confederacy in two and significantly weakened the South. Grant's Promotion (March, 1864): General Ulysses S. Grant was appointed as commander of all Union armies, bringing a unified strategy to the war. Sherman's March to the Sea (November-December, 1864): General William T. Sherman led a destructive campaign through Georgia, crippling the Confederacy's ability to wage war. Surrender at Appomattox Court House (April, 1865): General Robert E. Lee surrendered to General Ulysses S. Grant, effectively ending the Civil War. Assassination of President Lincoln (April, 1865): President Abraham Lincoln was assassinated by John Wilkes Booth, changing the course of post-war reconstruction. Thirteenth Amendment (December, 1865): Ratified after the war, the Thirteenth Amendment abolished slavery in the United States. Reconstruction (1865-1877): The era of Reconstruction aimed to rebuild the South, address civil rights, and integrate formerly enslaved people into American society. It was marked by political, social, and economic challenges. Ku Klux Klan and Civil Rights Acts (1866-1875): The rise of the Ku Klux Klan and the passage of Civil Rights Acts highlighted the ongoing struggle for civil rights and racial equality. Presidential Reconstruction vs. Radical Reconstruction: The conflict between President Andrew Johnson's more lenient approach to Reconstruction and the more aggressive policies of Radical Republicans in Congress had a profound impact on the post-war South. These events, among others, were pivotal in shaping the course of the Civil War and its aftermath. They had significant political, social, and economic consequences that reverberated throughout American history. The war ultimately led to the preservation of the Union, the abolition of slavery, and the beginning of a long and complex process of rebuilding the nation. |
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